什么是保证金率?
保证金率是衡量账户风险状况的重要指标,广泛用于杠杆、期权、永续合约等交易。它用于判断账户是否能支持当前的持仓,并帮助交易者降低爆仓风险。如果保证金率低于平台设定的阈值,可能触发平仓机制,以保护交易者和平台资产。
保证金率的计算
公式:
保证金率 = (该币种全仓余额 + 全仓收益 – 该币种挂单卖出数量 – 期权买单所需要的该币种数量 – 逐仓开仓所需要的该币种数量 – 所有挂单手续费)/(维持保证金 + 爆仓手续费)。
说明:
维持保证金和爆仓手续费均考虑了杠杆、交割、永续、期权交易,这样设置是为了避免挂单成交之后导致账户的风险水平骤变,从而减少爆仓概率。
该币种全仓余额:
指账户内某一种加密货币的总持有数量,包括可用余额和锁定但未使用的资金。
全仓收益:
账户因全仓策略而获得的利润,通常因市场波动而增加的收益。
挂单卖出数量:
已挂单但未成交的卖出部分,仍需计入风险计算。
期权所需数量:
期权交易中,平台要求锁定的资产数量,用于防范价格波动的风险。
逐仓开仓所需数量:
在逐仓模式下,为确保风险可控,特定仓位需支持的保证金数量。
所有挂单手续费:
交易者挂单时支付的手续费,需纳入保证金率计算。
维持保证金:
为维持当前仓位所需的最低资金,包括杠杆、交割、永续和期权的维持保证金总和。
爆仓手续费:
当账户触及爆仓线且无法满足风险需求时,平台进行平仓处理产生的费用。
保证金率管理
保证金率是风险管理中的关键工具之一,可有效帮助交易者在市场波动中降低因短期价格变化导致的风险。主要管理措施包括:
提高保证金率:通过提高保证金率,减少市场波动可能引发的爆仓风险。
动态调整要求:平台根据市场波动性和持仓风险,灵活调整保证金要求。不同交易类型(如杠杆、交割、永续、期权交易)可能适用不同的保证金比例。
保证金率的核心作用在于,通过合理评估资金与风险的比例,帮助交易者在剧烈市场波动中更好地管理资产,降低被强制平仓的概率。深入了解其构成和机制,对维持稳健的资金状况和提升交易效率至关重要。
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