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Keep up with the latest in crypto market commentary as we share the insights from our institutional research partners.
In this edition, we share the latest crypto derivatives weekly from Block Scholes.
Volatility has continued to gradually rise across the term structure, with ETH spiking at all tenors over the last day following an upgrade in the probability of an Ethereum spot ETF being approved. With implied volatility spiking particularly at the front-end, the term structure has become inverted. Implied volatility for ETH options now sits at levels not seen since April. The vol smile skew also recovered towards calls over the past week, but has since sold off at the front-end as investors rush to purchase OTM puts for downside protection as spot price reaches range highs of $71K and a $3.7K. Leverage in futures markets has increased, particularly at short-dated tenors which have risen beyond longer-dated tenors, indicating a demand for leveraged long exposure that is stronger for ETH.
Futures Implied Yield, 1-Month Tenor
![fig1 Currency-combined Spot Yields](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/55bd7RBoKLq48CfJARoBvC/26881acff81d12a8cd111864878cf0f1/fig1_Currency-combined_Spot_Yields.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
ATM Implied Volatility, 1-Month Tenor
![fig2 Currency-combined atm vol chart](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/2GE4Z90V6CgPuFcaYZh23a/7e441c63252e9c048efdbc0518b6baad/fig2_Currency-combined_atm_vol_chart.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
Futures
![fig3 Futures term structure](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/4ByFKL0334f10hkTg3D27C/98f959c7de8e44ebf9501eba1b789980/fig3_Futures_term_structure.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_450/format,webp)
BTC Annualised Yields
Yields at tenors 1M and beyond have increased steadily over the past week as BTC approaches range highs.
![fig4 BTC Spot Yields](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/3ygxDlVBZEnCV82MWRMgW9/7382f1539a57300d2f69f27281e2f1ed/fig4_BTC_Spot_Yields.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
ETH Annualised Yields
Yields at short-dated tenors rose beyond longer-dated tenors following an increase in the probability of an ETH ETF.
![fig5 ETH Spot Yields](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/1CL4b7TQQkqEKGtfWbPylc/22b6e899638854bd34f6a9cfab2aa2a8/fig5_ETH_Spot_Yields.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
Perpetual Swap Funding Rates
BTC Funding Rate
Traded positively over the past week with some volatility, indicating increased demand for leveraged long exposure.
![fig6 BTC USDC Perpetual](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/3CPvmPCCn0icZJH67fl4hr/0f2fa3c8d81828a28c34807fc3e58e22/fig6_BTC_USDC_Perpetual.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
ETH Funding Rate
Recently spiked to levels not seen since April as the probability of an ETH ETF being approved this year was upgraded by analysts.
![fig7 ETH USDC Perpetual](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/7ij2AfYen0TyY6r8ky6N4H/bae9fc5a7db925da2633da7af05f9d1e/fig7_ETH_USDC_Perpetual.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
BTC Options
![fig8 BTC SVI Vol term structure](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/68mqHNUWM2yTxAef9BK2hO/1407052dd8a10217b3e924e73e56fc53/fig8_BTC_SVI_Vol_term_structure.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_450/format,webp)
BTC SVI ATM Implied Volatility
Vol has increased across the term structure, where the back-end has seen a more steady increase.
![fig9 BTC-SVI atm vol timeseries](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/56yQX5Hwc37hf3vGUbogej/b434cf1897c0137d75dd2f8c9415409e/fig9_BTC-SVI_atm_vol_timeseries.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
BTC 25-Delta Risk Reversal
Remains skewed towards calls at tenors 1M and beyond, but has spiked down to more neutral levels at short-dated tenors as implied volatility for OTM puts rises.
![fig10 BTC-SVI 25delta skew](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/6Ap0Q0BTVA8ajk3sSSf57I/a8a7f2426efc48af622770285ece0f3b/fig10_BTC-SVI_25delta_skew.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
ETH Options
![fig11 ETH SVI Vol term structure](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/3eLeTCeBi0KIf0rYbhQlSF/13741336f4a05a7d0e126444b3a942c0/fig11_ETH_SVI_Vol_term_structure.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_450/format,webp)
ETH SVI ATM Implied Volatility
Gradually risen over the past week, and recently become heavily inverted following a spike in implied vol at the front-end.
![fig12 ETH-SVI atm vol timeseries](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/ZTjwz05AAr2BTsxjVUea6/458ead8b5d258d0bf3ae8bd6f236ec06/fig12_ETH-SVI_atm_vol_timeseries.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
ETH 25-Delta Risk Reversal
Has spiked down recently due to implied volatility for OTM puts rallying more than OTM calls.
![fig13 ETH-SVI 25delta skew](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/9dFtRnGDesNULheuC8UAS/d6090822b7fa790c4dddfe7221e04f05/fig13_ETH-SVI_25delta_skew.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
Volatility by Exchange
BTC, 1-Month Tenor, SVI Calibration
![fig14 Exchange comparison BTC ATM Vol](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/6zcw6QPxqaDhY2Bh3jrdxV/5ba16a2e55c0594a3855477c21807434/fig14_Exchange_comparison_BTC_ATM_Vol.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
ETH, 1-Month Tenor, SVI Calibration
![fig15 Exchange comparison ETH ATM Vol](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/4l8HsClasZYVJr2OrweOll/32e55e05031eb35de3eb77fdba5c84a3/fig15_Exchange_comparison_ETH_ATM_Vol.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
Put-Call Skew by Exchange
BTC, 1-Month Tenor, 25-Delta SVI Calibration
![fig16 Put-Call Skew BTC](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/4rENBjRyueblyhHWQbPMju/09fb5a329caa759fd65431c850a4aa38/fig16_Put-Call_Skew_BTC.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
ETH, 1-Month Tenor, 25-Delta SVI Calibration
![fig17 Put-Call Skew ETH](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/27bWQNXIGtWEkvzHZzVlUp/f79c612172366342f0fd132c44ad9450/fig17_Put-Call_Skew_ETH.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1450,h_650/format,webp)
Market Composite Volatility Surface
![fig18 v2composite snap BTC SMILES.moneyness](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/5ybMY1fzKyjZoIZSDQrH9O/374966971c80e16353796ffe8902a676/fig18_v2composite_snap_BTC_SMILES.moneyness.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1000,h_700/format,webp)
![fig19 v2composite snap ETH SMILES.moneyness](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/3k1awft9HisJBic7Zjapfw/3c6284cf7d95ae51763e45c642230537/fig19_v2composite_snap_ETH_SMILES.moneyness.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1000,h_700/format,webp)
Listed Expiry Volatility Smiles
![fig20 BTC BTC-31MAY24 Listed Expiry](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/7AipFshpW3U4v1PNrAyQXh/8034f61fe800903c5ddad9cac987ecee/fig20_BTC_BTC-31MAY24_Listed_Expiry.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1000,h_700/format,webp)
![fig21 ETH ETH-31MAY24 Listed Expiry](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/5RhU7jSOCQHaum3lChtsEH/23dfbb54ef1c8e196b5bcdea3232d346/fig21_ETH_ETH-31MAY24_Listed_Expiry.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1000,h_700/format,webp)
Cross-Exchange Volatility Smiles
![fig22 Exchange comparison BTC SMILES.moneyness](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/QeqsyXfy3XcNoE3SMfwOQ/efa1a68952c4476e58e1346b0e0f9a66/fig22_Exchange_comparison_BTC_SMILES.moneyness.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1000,h_700/format,webp)
![fig23 Exchange comparison ETH SMILES.moneyness](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/cWBqelDzZ97w0nwpzXMwB/fe16e285b6f50407348a6bdec4a763a3/fig23_Exchange_comparison_ETH_SMILES.moneyness.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1000,h_700/format,webp)
Constant Maturity Volatility Smiles
![fig24 BTC-SVI Constant Maturity](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/21dn9bxVx4K0vLp3B67A0T/dc7a63672f8afbde814f540628de754c/fig24_BTC-SVI_Constant_Maturity.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1000,h_700/format,webp)
![fig25 ETH-SVI Constant Maturity](https://static.okx.com/cdn/assets/plugins/contentful/4nqoo8goeymu/1efkMcj7PT2UGHaCRWyRPP/d4aabb232025bc5976a87387f2fd80f0/fig25_ETH-SVI_Constant_Maturity.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_1000,h_700/format,webp)
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